Nursing Research 1 Practice Test

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• What is the researcher's perspective in a case study?
• What is a key feature of metasynthesis in qualitative research?
• Which feature is an advantage of using directional hypotheses?
• What is a common purpose of literature reviews in research?
• What ethical principle requires that individuals be safeguarded from harm in research settings?
• What does constancy refer to in data collection procedures?
• What is the purpose of grounded theory?
• What is a characteristic of a study aimed at exploring relationships when little data exists?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-formulated research question?
• Which question would help determine auditability when critiquing a qualitative study?
• Which of the following tests is NOT used to estimate the stability of an instrument?
• When should a literature review be conducted after data collection?
• What is the first step in the qualitative research process?
• What characteristic is typical of a literature review in quantitative research?
• What does the human right to anonymity entail regarding participant information in research?
• What does the reliability coefficient measure?
• Which research method is characterized by its use of statistical methods to test hypotheses or answer research questions?
• What is considered an extraneous variable in a research study?
• What type of validity is assessed through expert verification of an instrument?
• What type of study typically represents level 6 evidence?
• What concept involves portraying a phenomenon from a new perspective in qualitative research?
• What aspect does credibility evaluate in qualitative research?
• What does sufficient information in a report facilitate in qualitative research?
• What is the main focus of a comparative research question?
• Which research method is NOT typically associated with testing hypotheses?
• Which aspect of qualitative outcome analysis relates to building theory?
• What ethical principle is violated if individuals are not allowed to choose whether or not to participate in research studies?
• Which reliability measure is indicated by observing the agreement between different raters?
• What type of literature ideally supports evidence-based practice decisions?
• Which scenario exemplifies coercion in research?
• Which of the following is categorized as a descriptive finding in qualitative research?
• In qualitative research, what is the significance of using in-depth interviews?
• What does external validity primarily concern in research studies?
• Which of the following describes the grounded-theory method accurately?
• What is the impact of maturation on internal validity?
• Which question critiques the sampling of a research project?
• What does the term "paradigm" refer to in the context of research?
• What is the primary purpose of a literature review in nursing research?
• Which qualitative finding emphasizes the importance of a participant's active role in the research process?
• What research design would be most suitable for exploring the meaning of an individual’s experience?
• Which characteristic typifies the literature review process?
• What is a primary goal when developing interventions in qualitative research?
• Which method is NOT a means of controlling extraneous variables?
• Which of the following are consistent with the constructivist paradigm?
• In critical reading, what does the analysis strategy focus on?
• What is the term for the diversity of participants as it relates to qualitative research methods?
• Which of the following beliefs supports the constructivist paradigm?
• In a study comparing IQ scores of boys and girls over time, what is a primary threat to internal validity?
• Which question will critique the method of a research project?
• Which of the following is a factor that can threaten external validity?
• For which research question would qualitative methods be most appropriate?
• What is Cronbach's alpha primarily used to measure in research instruments?
• What does "depiction of experimental variation" illustrate in qualitative research?
• What role does a hypothesis play concerning relationships between variables?
• What indicates the reliability of an instrument according to reliability coefficients?
• What defines a good hypothesis in a nursing research context?
• Which statement reflects the presence of a correlation between two variables?
• What is a primary function of qualitative research in nursing?
• What is meant by "coaching" in the context of qualitative findings and EBP?
• Which measurement would a researcher use to test for reliability when the data are in dichotomous format?
• A nurse researcher develops the research question: Do menopausal women who received daily doses of an herbal hormone treatment report fewer hot flashes than those who did not? What type of research question format is this considered to be?
• Which search engine is best for retrieving systematic reviews?
• What type of research design involves measuring differences between groups based on received interventions?
• Who developed the first code of ethics in nursing?
• Which of the following best describes the manipulation of the independent variable?
• Which reliability measure checks for homogeneity through different half-splits of a test?
• Which of the following is a scientific criterion appropriate for qualitative research?
• What does it mean that the sampling is purposive?
• Which of these reliability measures assesses stability over time?
• What is the main purpose of a meta-analysis in research?
• Which type of research study can be affected by the values of the researcher?
• What is the correct function of a hypothesis in research?
• From which source is evidence-based practice derived?
• Which principle requires that the effectiveness and outcomes of research should benefit the participants involved?
• What does validity primarily concern in the context of measurement?
• What is the primary purpose of conducting a systematic review in research?
• What must researchers ensure when working with vulnerable populations?
• What is a characteristic of qualitative research?
• Which steps of the research process may be included in an article's abstract?
• When research participation is a condition of employment, which ANA Human Rights Guideline applies?
• What term describes the homogeneity of all items in a tool designed to measure the same concept?
• In qualitative research, what context might influence findings?
• Which of the following best defines a qualitative research study?
• What is true regarding the relationship of independent and dependent variables in research?
• Which term refers to an abstract idea represented symbolically?
• What reliability measure is defined as a test of equivalence?
• Which characteristic correctly defines an independent variable?
• What does anonymity in research mean?
• What is the role of external reviewers in the peer-review process?
• How do literature reviews in qualitative studies typically differ from those in quantitative studies?
• What is a characteristic of an intrinsic case study?
• What characteristic defines the Quality of Life (QoL) framework used in research for breast cancer survivors?
• Which question will critique the purpose of a research project?
• In nursing research, what does level 3 evidence typically include?
• Which type of validity is demonstrated when measuring hope and anxiety with negatively related scores?
• What are the "aims of inquiry" in research?
• Which statement best defines a hypothesis in research?
• Which of the following statements accurately describes the purpose of a hypothesis?
• During qualitative research, which term refers to how research findings resonate with participants’ experiences?
• Which level of evidence is represented by opinions of authorities?
• What is a primary ethical concern when studying a vulnerable population like prisoners?
• What is one ethical principle identified by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects related to research on human subjects?
• What does auditability assure in qualitative research?
• When is the principle of justice violated?
• Which term refers to the development processes within subjects over time that can affect study outcomes?
• Which of the following hypotheses are indicative of an experimental research design?
• How is the Kuder-Richardson (KR-20) coefficient expressed?
• What does randomization ensure in a research study?
• What is the philosophy underlying quantitative research?
• What is the component of a research study that presents the idea to be examined?
• Which statement best describes 'concept' in research?
• How can qualitative outcome analysis be beneficial in clinical settings?
• What aspect does a priori frameworks refer to in qualitative research?
• Which research methodology focuses on a systematic investigation of phenomena?
• What refers to the process of synthesizing multiple qualitative articles on a focused topic?
• Which of the following is a core component that should be included in informed consent?
• What is the main purpose of control in quantitative research?
• Testing is a threat to internal validity. Which scenario illustrates this threat?
• How is the relationship described when there is no anticipated direction between variables?
• What approach would you take to initially familiarize yourself with content when reading research?
• A study includes a pretest that influences the results. What kind of effect does this represent?
• Retrospective studies can exist as functional entities in which of the following settings?
• What type of study focuses on the scientific description and interpretation of cultural or social groups and systems?
• What is an inductive approach involving a systematic set of procedures to arrive at a theory about basic social processes?
• What aspects does a level-of-evidence model evaluate to assess a research study?
• Which statement is true regarding the criteria for a sound research question?
• What is characterized by a set of related concepts and definitions to explain phenomena?
• What is the purpose of conducting a pilot study in large experimental research?
• What term describes the influence of an external event during a study that may affect the dependent variable?
• What ethical issue was highlighted by the Tuskegee Study from 1932-1973?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of evidence indicated in the hierarchy of evidence?
• Reactive effects refer to:
• In the phenomenological approach, what does it mean for the researcher's perspective to be bracketed?
• In nursing research, why is it sometimes necessary to conduct a literature review after data analysis in qualitative studies?
• In the statement that pain intensity perception varies with gender, which variable is independent?
• Which research validity is affected by the reliability of measures in a study?
• Which of the following statements best describes qualitative research?
• Which research approach primarily focuses on understanding human experience?
• What determines the expected direction of the relationship in a directional hypothesis?
• What is a key phase of the research process involving appraisal of pertinent literature?
• What type of study is classified as a level 2 evidence?
• What does the term 'operationally defined' refer to in research?
• Which ethical principle requires that a subject's private information is only shared with consent?
• What is indicated by a KR-20 coefficient of 0.01 in a study?
• Which qualitative finding provides a rich understanding of human phenomena in context?
• What type of study could be categorized under level 5 evidence?
• Qualitative outcome analysis provides evidence at what level?
• In the same statement about pain, what is the dependent variable?
• Which of the following hypotheses indicate an association in a research study?
• Why is it important for a hypothesis to exclude value-laden words?
• Which approach is commonly used to ensure credibility in qualitative studies?
• Which validity refers to performing correlational analysis on multiple tools assessing the same concept?
• What does it mean when a null hypothesis is stated?
• Which ethical concern may arise in qualitative research?
• What term describes the adequacy of information that leads the reader from the research question to interpretation of findings?
• What effect might a celebrity's cancer diagnosis have on a research study regarding mammograms?
• Which reliability measure is regarded as a test of stability?
• What is the minimum reliability coefficient recommended for an instrument to be considered reliable?
• What does a high Cronbach's alpha value signify regarding a test’s items?
• What is the significance of benefits in research ethics?
• Which mode of clinical application for qualitative research involves sharing findings with the patient?
• What type of instrument is the Kuder-Richardson (KR-20) coefficient primarily used for?
• What does homogeneity refer to in the context of an instrument used in research?
• What is the first strategy in critical reading according to the provided text?
• In measurement, the ability of an instrument to measure consistently over time is called what?
• What attribute does the KR-20 coefficient assess in dichotomous instruments?
• Which category in qualitative findings refers to a synthesis of shared experiences?
• What type of statement expresses the anticipated relationship between variables?
• What is the relationship called when two constructs are measured and yield a significant correlation?
• Which strategy in critical reading involves understanding the researcher's purpose or intent?
• What is the main goal of grounded theory research?
• Which feature distinguishes an integrative review from other types of literature reviews?
• Which ethical principle emphasizes the autonomy and rights of individuals to make their own choices in treatment?
• Control in the context of research is best defined as:
• What defines the research question in a study?
• What is indicated when two different forms of an instrument yield similar results?
• What concept is illustrated by a researcher providing sufficient detail in a qualitative research report for evaluating data relevance?
• A Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.94 indicates what about an instrument?
• Which question will critique the auditability of a research project?
• What is the primary purpose of community-based research methods?
• What is the definition of a conceptual or theoretical framework in research?
• Which type of validity assesses whether the independent variable really made the change in the dependent variable?
• In which mode of clinical application are trajectories of illness discussed?
• Which type of research allows researchers to be neutral observers?
• What is the main focus of a correlational research question?
• What does a conceptual definition provide regarding a concept?
• What does "anticipatory guidance" involve in a nursing context?
• What does a reliability coefficient closer to 1 indicate about an instrument?
• In researching the impact of meditation on anxiety disorders, what variable should be primarily investigated?
• What essential component increases the testability of a hypothesis?
• Which term refers to the faithfulness to everyday reality of the participants in qualitative research?
• What does a well-formulated hypothesis allow for in a research study?
• What is the variable that is presumed to have an effect on another variable?
• When will a null hypothesis be rejected?
• Which of the following best describes an independent variable?
• How does nursing research benefit consumers of healthcare?
• Which of the following describes "selection bias"?
• Which guideline states that all people involved in research must have their rights protected?
• What is a common characteristic of qualitative research?
• What does the ethical principle of justice require?
• In the hypothesis, "Elderly women receive less aggressive treatment for breast cancer than do younger women," which variable is the dependent variable?
• Which reliability measures are known to test for equivalence?
• What is the main purpose of the WHO's designated Collaborating Centers?
• Why is credibility important in qualitative research?
• What are measurement effects in the context of external validity?
• Which question will critique the credibility of a research project?
• In which type of research is the context of the study particularly significant?
• Which historical event significantly led to the establishment of ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects?
• What question does internal validity address in a study?
• Which of the following is an example of a primary source?
• When seeking theoretical, clinical, or research articles, what is the best first choice for students?
• Which of the following best describes a key principle of qualitative research?
• Which level of evidence corresponds to a systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials?
• What is characterized by clearly identifying variables and specifying the population?
• Which of the following describes a qualitative study's focus?
• What is NOT included in Kearney's categories of qualitative findings?
• Which question best assesses the credibility of a qualitative study?
• What is the appropriate measure for testing reliability when data is in Likert-scale response format?
• What is the primary focus of the Quality of Life-Breast cancer survivors measurement instrument?
• Which of the following coefficients is commonly used for Likert-type items?
• In research, what does an operational definition specify?
• Which of the following are considered tests of homogeneity?
• Which level of evidence has the lowest rank in the evidence hierarchy?
• What type of research focuses on collecting data from a small number of subjects to study phenomena in depth?
• Which basic human right demands that justification be provided when vulnerable subjects are used in research?
• Which of the following describes the Hawthorne effect?
• What does accuracy in research design ensure?
• Which ethical principle mandates that individuals with diminished autonomy must be provided additional protections?
• Which level of the evidence hierarchy pertains to systematic reviews of qualitative studies?
• Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity?
• Which hypothesis is framed to be most testable?
• What is the main purpose of using the KR-20 coefficient?
• Which of the following ethical guidelines focuses on fairness and equality in research?
• Which of the following is included in "scholarly literature"?
• Which type of source is considered less critical than primary sources in a literature review?
• Which review method focuses on synthesizing literature in a specific area without employing statistical analysis?
• What does the term "mortality" refer to in the context of internal validity?
• What is the first step in the qualitative research process?
• What is a characteristic of a statistical hypothesis?
• Which aspect is not directly assessed by auditability?
• When should a hypothesis be established in the research planning process?
• What is it called when researchers direct activities in the field by pursuing hunches?
• What is the main goal of member checking in qualitative research?
• Which measure would be used for testing the consistency of an instrument at two different times?
• What is an important aspect of conducting literature reviews in qualitative research?
• What is a critical requirement for participants in a study?
• What level of study does data collected from an experimental study where subjects were randomly selected represent?
• What is meant by a homogenous sample in research?
• What type of study utilizes specific statistical tools to synthesize findings across studies?
• What essential component does a critique of a research study always include?
• Which component of PICO refers specifically to the targeted issue or patient population?
• Which of the following terms refers to the degree of association between measurement error and true score?
• Which type of validity emphasizes the generalizability of study results to a larger population?
• Which of the following describes an experimental study?
• What term refers to the aims or objectives an investigator hopes to achieve with their research?
• Where can you find individual original randomized controlled trials (RCTs)?
• What paradigm provides the basis for qualitative research?
• What is a defining characteristic of refereed or peer-reviewed journals?
• In a study involving pain medication, what might cause both the experimental and control groups to feel a reduction in pain?
• Which type of qualitative finding takes into account various influences within a context?
• What is typically the focus of institutions conducting research involving human subjects?
• Why is it important to understand the philosophy underlying each type of research?
• Which conceptual analysis point refers to how study findings continue to hold meaning for the reader?
• Which research question format involves comparing two or more groups based on a specific treatment or intervention?
• How is research design best defined?
• Which statement is true about informed consent?
• In an experimental research question, which aspect is being measured?
• In a study measuring self-esteem in adolescent mothers, what type of validity is assessed by comparing it to a known self-esteem instrument?
• Which phrase would likely be found in a report of a quantitative study?
• How is the variable described that varies as a consequence of another variable?
• What does the term "fittingness" refer to in research studies?
• Which of the following is NOT a use of qualitative research methods?
• Which factor is essential for ensuring the ethical integrity of a qualitative study?
• What does instrumentation refer to in the context of internal validity?
• What are some critiquing criteria used to judge the worth of a research study?
• What is considered the best source for a level I systematic meta-analysis?
• Which aspect is not typically included in a hypothesis?
• What does reactivity refer to in the context of research?
• What are the four components of a clinical question?
• Which step in qualitative research comes after data collection?
• In conducting a literature review, which factor is crucial for qualitative research?
• What is the process of coding and clustering data in the grounded-theory method known as?
• What does PICO stand for in generating research questions?
• Which potential threat to internal validity is associated with the tools or instruments used in a study?
• Which level is characteristic of the strength of the evidence provided by the results of a quasi-experimental study?
• What is the term for the truth of findings as judged by participants and experts in the discipline?
• What is one way qualitative findings can be used in Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
• What level of evidence includes quasiexperimental studies?
• What ethical principle ensures that researchers do no harm?
• What is your first choice when looking for theoretical, clinical or research articles?
• A nurse researcher develops the following research question: Is there a relationship between anxiety and body weight in premenopausal and postmenopausal women? What type of research question format is this considered to be?
• Does the presence of invalid measures in research affect internal validity or external validity?
• Which of the following describes a level 4 evidence?
• What is a characteristic of an audio recording of an unpublished research study?
• Single descriptive studies are categorized under which level of evidence?
• In the hypothesis regarding treatment of women with breast cancer, which variable is considered the independent variable?
• Which phrase would likely be found in a report of a qualitative study?
• In qualitative research, what does fittingness ensure?
• Which characteristic of informed consent is essential for understanding?
• What does the synthesis strategy of critical reading involve?
• Which qualitative finding aids in sharing information with patients about their health trajectory?