What is a literature review primarily used for in the research process?

A literature review plays a crucial role in the research process as it summarizes previous findings and establishes a solid foundation for the new research. By examining existing studies, theories, and other relevant literature, researchers can identify gaps in knowledge, understand the context of their work, and build on previously established findings. This review helps to frame the research question and justify the need for the new study, guiding the direction of the research and ensuring that it contributes meaningfully to the field.

In contrast, collecting data from participants focuses on gathering new information rather than reviewing existing knowledge. Presenting an independent variable relates to the design of a study rather than reviewing literature, which is more about synthesizing broader knowledge. Validating the results of a single study does not encompass the broader scope and purpose of a literature review, which aims to provide insights from multiple sources rather than confirming one specific study's outcomes. Overall, the primary function of a literature review is to summarize prior research and lay the groundwork for the current investigation.