Which research method is characterized by its use of statistical methods to test hypotheses or answer research questions?

Quantitative research is characterized by its emphasis on the collection and analysis of numerical data to investigate hypotheses or answer research questions. This method utilizes statistical techniques to measure variables, establish relationships, and derive conclusions. By employing structured tools such as surveys or experiments, quantitative research allows for the testing of theories and provides results that are often generalizable to larger populations.

In contrast, qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding human experiences and social phenomena through non-numerical data such as interviews, observations, and open-ended questions. Meta-synthesis and integrative review are methodologies that involve synthesizing findings from various studies, often qualitative, to develop new insights or understand larger trends. While they contribute valuable perspectives, they do not primarily use statistical methods to analyze data, which differentiates them from quantitative research.