Which component of PICO refers specifically to the targeted issue or patient population?

The component of PICO that refers specifically to the targeted issue or patient population is the Problem. In the PICO framework, "P" stands for Problem, which identifies the specific patient population or problem that is being addressed in the research or clinical question. This focus is critical to framing the research question accurately and ensuring that the outcomes of interest are relevant to the population in question.

Identifying the problem helps in determining the scope of the study and establishes the context for the interventions being researched. By outlining the specific demographic or clinical issue, researchers can tailor their interventions more effectively to meet the needs of that population, thereby enhancing the validity and applicability of the research findings.

Understanding the population or problem also sets the stage for determining what interventions may be most effective and how results can be compared or measured against desired outcomes. The clarity provided by defining the problem is essential in guiding nursing practice and research efforts.